Relationship+between+Concept,+Law+And+Theory

** Relationship between Concept, Laws and Theories **
A concept is a cognitive unit of meaning- an abstract idea or a mental symbol sometimes defined as a “unit of knowledge”, built from other units which act as a concept’s characteristics. A concept is typically associated with a corresponding representing in a language or symbology such as a word. Concepts are vital to the development of scientific knowledge. For example, it would be difficult to imagine physics without concepts like: energy, force, or acceleration. Concept helps to integrate apparently unrelated observations and phenomena into viable hypothesis and theories, the basic ingredient of science. The concept map is a tool that is used to help researchers visualize the inter-relationship between various concepts. A concept is a common feature or characteristic.
 * **Concept:**

A law generalizes a body of observation. At the time it is made, no exceptions have been found to a law. Scientific laws explain things, but they do not describe them. One way to tell a law and theory apart is to ask if the description gives you a means to explain ‘why’. Consider Newton’s law of gravity. Newton could use this law to predict the behavior of a dropped object, but he couldn’t explain why it happened.
 * **Law:**
 * Example:**

A scientific theory summarizes a hypothesis (A hypothesis is an educated guess, based on observation) or group of hypothesis that have been supported with repeated testing. A theory is valid as long as there is no evidence to dispute it. Therefore, theories can be dis-proven. Words have precise meanings in science. For example, ‘theory’, ‘law’, and ‘hypothesis’ don’t all mean the same thing. Outside of science, you might say something in ‘just a theory’, meaning its supposition that may be or may not be true. In science, a theory is an explanation that generally is accepted to be true. A concept may be abstracted from several perceptions, but that is only its origin. In regard to its meaning or its truth, William James proposed his Pragmatic Rule. This rule states that the meaning of a concept may always be found in some particular difference in the course of human experience which its being true will make (some Problem of Philosophy, “Precept and Concept –the Import of Concept”). John Locke’s description of a general idea corresponds to a description of a concept. According to Locke, a general idea of created by abstracting, drawing away, or removing the common characteristic or characteristics from several particular idea. This common characteristic is that which is similar to all of the different individuals. For example, the abstract general idea or concept that is designated by the word ‘red’ is the characteristic, which is common to apples, cherries and blood. The abstract general idea or concept that is signified by the word ‘dog’ is the collection of those characteristics which are common to Airedales, collies, and Chihuahuas. As you can see, there is no ‘proof’ or absolute ‘truth’ in science. The closest we get are facts, which are indisputable observations. Note, however, if you define proof as arriving at a logical conclusion, based on the evidence, then these is ‘proof’ in science. I work under the definition that to prove something implies it can never be wrong, which is different. If yours asked to define hypothesis, theory and law, keep in mind the definition of proof and of these words can vary slightly depending on the scientific discipline. What is important is to realize they don’t all mean the some thing and cannot be used inter changeably. The relation between concept, law and theory can be understood by the following Example. As we know a concept may be defined as corresponding representation in a ‘language’ or ‘symbol’ or a ‘word’. There may be some sub-concept in a concept. Let us consider an example of a TRIANGLE. A triangle (concept) can be defined as closed area which has (sub- concept) 3 lines, meeting at 3 vertices at a certain angle (lines, vertex or point, angle are concept.) Considering the types, properties of triangles which are represented by ∆, which follows a certain guidelines termed as law or Rule which is as follows. -Side-angle-side law (SAS) -Side-side-side law (SSS) -Angle-side-angle (ASA) The concept of triangle is further generated using certain properties or laws such as- Acute angle triangle ( < 90 ° ) Obtuse angle triangle ( > 90 ° ) Right angle triangle (=90 ° ) Isosceles triangle Equilateral triangle, and Scalene triangle Looking further the laws and concept a theory is developed so that the concept and law can be implemented to a concept under the limitation of law. A triangle (concept) is bounded under certain laws (Right angle-Hypotenuse –side congruence law and sum of all angle =180 ° ), which has the limitation of a theorem known as Pythagoras theorem. According to Pythagoras theorem, in a right angle triangle, the square of the hypotenuse is equal to the sum of the square of other two sides.
 * **Theory:**
 * The sum of the angles of triangle is two right angles or 180.
 * Congruence law \Rule

Now we come to know that the concept is developed into the laws or Rules when we find ‘why’ in the concept. Further the law or rule is developed into a theory when we find “How” in it.
 * Conclusion:**